Vulnerability in TCS BaNCS CVE-2025-0202

Vulnerability in TCS BaNCS

CVE-2025-0202 is a vulnerability identified in TCS BaNCS 10, specifically affecting the file located at "/REPORTS/REPORTS_SHOW_FILE.jsp". This vulnerability has been classified as problematic due to its potential for exploitation through Local File Inclusion (LFI), which can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive files on the server.

Vulnerability Details

The core issue arises from the manipulation of the " FilePath" argument within the affected JSP file. When user input is not properly sanitized, an attacker can exploit this flaw to include files from the server's filesystem. This can lead to various malicious outcomes, including:

• Reading sensitive files: Attackers could access configuration files, password files, or other sensitive data stored on the server.
• Executing arbitrary code: If the server is misconfigured or if there are additional vulnerabilities present, it might be possible for an attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Technical Explanation

Local File Inclusion vulnerabilities occur when a web application allows users to specify files that should be included in the application’s execution context. In this case, if the application does not properly validate or sanitize the " FilePath " input, an attacker could manipulate this parameter to traverse directories and access unintended files.For example, an attacker might craft a URL that includes directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../) to navigate up the directory structure of the web server. This could look something like:

text
http://vulnerable-website.com/REPORTS/REPORTS_SHOW_FILE.jsp?FilePath=../../../../etc/passwd

In this scenario, if successful, the attacker would gain access to the contents of the " /etc/passwd" file, which contains user account information on Unix-based systems.

Sample Scenario

Attack Scenario

Imagine a financial institution using TCS BaNCS for its banking operations. An attacker discovers that they can manipulate the " FilePath " parameter in the "/REPORTS/REPORTS_SHOW_FILE.jsp" file. They craft a request as follows:

text
GET /REPORTS/REPORTS_SHOW_FILE.jsp?FilePath=../../../../../../etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
Host: vulnerable-website.com

Upon sending this request, if the server does not properly validate the input, it will return the contents of the " /etc/passwd " file. This file may reveal usernames and hashed passwords, which could be exploited further.

Consequences

The consequences of such an attack could be severe:

• Data Breach: Sensitive information about users and system configurations could be exposed.
• Reputation Damage: The financial institution could suffer significant reputational harm due to a data breach.
• Regulatory Penalties: Depending on jurisdiction, failing to protect user data may lead to legal consequences and fines.

Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-0202, organizations should implement several best practices:

1. Input Validation: Ensure that all user inputs are validated and sanitized before being processed by the application.
2. Use of Whitelists: Instead of allowing arbitrary file paths, restrict file inclusions to a predefined list of safe files.
3. Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security assessments and code reviews to identify and remediate vulnerabilities.
4. Update Software: Keep all software components up-to-date with security patches provided by vendors.

By following these strategies, organizations can significantly reduce their risk of exploitation through vulnerabilities such as CVE-2025-0202.